Free colloquial spanish pdf download

Manuel y Esteban son salvadoreiios. Los carros son europeos. Ustedes son estudiantes. Marta and I are Americans. Manuel and Esteban are Salvadorians. The cars are European. You are students. Exercise 3 Match the unfinished sentence with the correct word in the column on the right. Elena y Sara amigas. Nosotros colombianos.

Caracas Ia capital de Venezuela. El Espectador y El Comercio periodicos. I am Mr Carter and. Ah, yes. It's a Renault, isn't it? Where do you pick up the car?

Opposite, at the garage. The keys. The Renault is over there on the right. Estar is used to describe location or a temporary state. Examples of description of a state with estar: Esta enfermo. Estoy triste. Estamos seguros de eso. Examples indicating location with estar: El carro esta a Ia derecha. Guadalajara esta en Mexico. Atlanta esta en los Estados Unidos. El hotel esta en el centro. I am sad. We are sure about that. The car is on the right. Guadalajara is in Mexico.

Atlanta is in the United States. The hotel is in the center of town. Exercise 4 Complete the sentences with the correct form of ser or estar. Soy el Sr Carter y Es un Renault, l, verdad? Aca tiene las naves. Estela y Lucrecia pintoras. Guadalajara en Mexico. El autor dellibro peruano. El banco cerca. Example: ;,Donde esta el bar?

El bar esta a Ia izquierda. Continue: ;,Donde esta el hotel? El bar esta a Ia izquierda, enfrente del hotel. El bar esta a Ia izquierda, enfrente del hotel, allado de Ia libreria. Hablo frances, pero solo un poco. No tengo auto, pero no me importa. I speak French, but only a little. I haven't got a car, but I don't mind. Note: For more on pero, see Chapter Reading Costa Rica m Costa Rica es uno de los paises latinoamericanos con menos poblaci6n. Cuenta con unos tres millones de habitantes.

El ochenta por ciento de los habitantes de Costa Rica son de raza blanca y el diecisiete por ciento son mestizos. El resto son de raza negra e indigena. San Jose es su capital. En su zona metropolitana se encuentra medio mill6n de habitantes. Costa Rica es un pais que no tiene ejercito. Es un pais exportador de cafe.

Based on the passage above, say if the following statements are verdadero true or falso false. La mayoria de Ia poblacion es de raza mestiza. Es uno de los paises mas poblados. El cafe es un producto importante para su economia. En enero hace calor en Lima January is hot m Luna. Hoy no hace sol It's not sunny today. Hay pocos estodiantes. Lloeve poco en enero. Tengo poca informacion. There are few students. It doesn't rain much in January. I have little information.

No hay mochas mojeres en este grupo. Hace mocho calor Tiene mocha soerte. There aren't many women in this group. It is very hot He is very lucky.

Este es un pago mensual. Escribo a esos amigos mensualmente. This is a monthly payment. I write to those friends monthly. Exercise 1 Normalmente salimos a las siete. Generalmente hace calor en diciembre. Normally we leave at seven. Classify the following activities according to their frequency in your life , e. Nunca viajamos al extranjero. We always go to the market on Saturdays. We never travel abroad. A veces juego flltbol. Sometimes we go to the cinema.

Sometimes I play football. These expressions have the same meaning in English, but some are used as an adjective- to indicate the characteristic of a noun- or as an adverb - to indicate the manner in which it is done. Se publica diariamente. Es una visita semanal al club. It is also possible to form expressions of frequency using the word cada: Daily, weekly, etc.

It is published daily. It is a weekly visit to the club. Limpian las ventanas dos veces por mes. I have breakfast on the train twice a week.

The windows are cleaned twice a month. Exercise2 Complete the phrases with a suitable expression of frequency. Unfortunately that flight is full Quisiera reservar un pasaje para Canclin. Manana por Ia maiiana. Por Ia manana esta completo, pero hay espacio en el vuelo de Ia tarde, a las Muy bien. Por la tarde. No fumador. Rmz: Ventanilla. When is it for? Tomorrow morning. The one in the morning is full, but there is room on the afternoon flight. That's fine. In the afternoon then. Smoking or no smoking?

No smoking. Aisle or window? Exercise 4 Language point Answer the following survey: Quisiera In your own town or city, what happens to the weather in January? It is usually followed by a verb in the infinitive. Quisiera hablar con el Sr I would like to talk to Mr Fuentes.

Quisiera un boleto para el I would like a ticket for the ten o'clock flight. Quisieramos una habitacion We would like a double room. Write the usual time when most people do it or when you do it. Below there are some suggestions of activities. Example: Give Spanish equivalents for the following: 1 I would like to buy a newspaper. In Spain usually por is the only form used. Esta en Panteones. Aca tienes Ia direcci6n exacta. C6mo voy basta alia? Lo mejor es ir en Metro. La estaci6n Revoluci6n esta cerca de aqui.

Tomas Ia linea a Cuatro Caminos y te bajas en Panteones. No, es barato y rapido. Where is your house, then? It's in Panteones. Here is the exact address. How do I get there? The Revoluci6n station is nearby. You get on the Cuatro Caminos line and get off at Panteones. Is it expensive? No, it's cheap and fast. Language point l,C6mo7 m This is the question word used to ask the way you do things.

How does this machine work? In informal speech, ;,Como? Mexico m Mexico es el pais mas poblado de habla castellana. Su poblaci6n Uega a aproximadamente millones. Su capital tiene mas de 20 millones. Otras dos ciudades importantes son Guadalajara y Monterrey. Mexico es el principal productor de plata en el mundo. Es tambien un importante exportador de petr6leo. Entre los productos agricolas que ofrecen beneficios para el pais estan el algod6n, Ia caiia de azucar, el cafe, el cacao y el garbanzo.

El turismo es tambien una importante fuente de divisas. Digo que Mario esta en casa. Ah, si. Esta enfermo. Based on the paragraph above, say if the following statements are verdadero true or falso false.

A: B: A: B: Mario is at home. I'm saying that Mario is at home. Oh, yes. He's ill. Monterrey no es una ciudad de Mexico. Mexico no exporta petroleo. El comercio de algodon y caiia de arucar ofrece beneficios al pais. Do you like the big plate or the small one? A: Tengo una camiseta roja y una azul. B: La roja, por favor.

A: I have a red T shirt and a blue one. B: The red one, please. Which model are you looking for, the light one or the heavy one? Comprando regales Martha works in a gift shop. Doscientos cuarenta el grande y ciento noventa el mas pequeiio. Por supuesto. Puede ver los dos. Los dos son lindos, pero prefiero el grande. Si, aceptamos todas las principales tarjetas de credito. How much is that ornament? Two hundred and forty for the big one and one hundred and ninety for the smaller one.

Can I have a look at the big one for a moment? Of course. You can have a look at both of them. Both are pretty, but I prefer the big one. Do you take credit cards? Yes, we accept all major credit cards. Tu hija es muy linda. Your daughter is very pretty. What a beautiful house!

Radical changing verbs These are verbs in Spanish which undergo a change of the stem vowel i. In these verbs the vowel -e- in the stem becomes -ie-, and the vowel -o- becomes -ue-. The exception is the first person plural. A que bora empezar Ia reunion? Yo recordar Ia visita a Costa Rica.

Nosotros siempre cerrar a las 7. Mochas personas morir de cancer. Enrique no recordar el problema. They have a special form. Adjective bueno malo mucho poco El juguete mas caro. El mas flexible de todos los materiales. La pelicula mas interesante del festival. Comparative good bad a lot of little Generalmente un televisor es mas caro que un carro. Una computadora es mas inteligente que una persona. Las 6 de Ia manana es mas tarde que las 10 de Ia manana.

Un carro es mas pequeno que un cami6n. The most flexible of all materials. The most interesting film of the festival. If the adjective is in the plural, the superlative is formed with los or las: Los juguetes mas atractivos The most attractive toys are Japanese.

The most expensive bicycles are in Las bicicletas mas caras this section. Miami es mas grande que Tampa. In my opinion, the theater is more En mi opinion el teatro es mas interesante que el cine. Tobacco is more harmful than El tabaco es mas damno coffee.

Exercise2 Say if the following statements are true verdadero or false falso : 1 Londres es mas grande que Nueva York. Exercise 3 Write an equivalent in Spanish for the following.

See the glossary at the back of the book for the new words. It is the worst film in the festival. The most functional models are here. I would like the cheapest product. It is the most difficult problem. No tengo los matedales. Poder To ask if something is possible or permissible, the verb poder is used.

Can I have a look at the big one? Notice that you add "no" before the relevant form of poder in order to make a negative statement showing that something is impossible, not advisable or improper. No puedo caminar. Me fracture el tobillo.

No puedes entrar ahi es peligroso. I cannot walk. I've broken my ankle You can't go in there. It's dangerous. The forms are as follows: can I? Can you park here? Is smoking allowed? Exercise 4 Complete the following sentences with the correct form of poder. Saber To indicate ability, as in 'Can you play the piano? Can you play the piano? Can you swim? Can you drive? If you refer to a feminine pair, then ambas or las dos is used.

Los dos and las dos are preferred in spoken language, ambos and ambas, in written language. Los dos son lindos. Las dos son chilenas. Las dos estudiantes tienen problemas. Ambos son lindos. Ambas son chilenas. Ambas estudiantes tienen probemas. The structure 'both Ambos Julian y Maria aprobaron sus examenes. Los dos, Julian y Maria aprobaron sus examenes.

Tanto Julian como Maria aprobaron sus examenes. Both Julian and Maria passed their examinations. Es mas potente que la anterior. Ahara tambien tengo una impresora de chorro de tinta, escaner, copiadora y fax. Ademas tengo una impresora laser para trabajos de alta calidad.

PABLo: i,Tienes impresora laser a color o blanco y negro? No se puede trabajar con graficos en blanco y negro. PABLo: i, Tienes agenda electr6nica? Presionas este bot6n y se pueden ver todas las citas de esta semana.

PABLo: Sf, es muy funcional. LucREciA: Ahara es mas facil que antes organizar mi trabajo. It's more powerful than the previous one. I have a bubble jet printer, a scanner, a photocopier and a fax. PABLo: Is it a colour printer, or black and white? You can't work with graphics using a black and white printer. PABLo: Does it have an electronic diary? You press this button and you can see all the appointments for this week. Do you like my desk?

PABLo: Yes. It's very functional. Note: presionar and apretar are used in Latin America with the meaning of press a button or key on a keyboard In Spain pulsar is preferred. Language point Me gusta In order to express likes and dislikes you can use gustar or no gustar. For example: Me gusta Ia camisa azul. I like the blue shirt. Nos gusta caminar.

We like walking. A Miguel no Ie gusta el cafe. Miguel doesn't like coffee. It is also possible to use them in questions: ;,Te gusta el hotel? Do you like the hotel? Doesn't Maria like the present? Here are all the forms: me gusta te gusta le gusta nos gusta les gusta Ies gusta And here are more examples: Nos gusta montar en bicicleta.

A Gloria le gusta Ia moda. A ustedes les gusta Ia clase? We like to ride a bicycle. Do you like chocolate? Gloria likes fashion. Do you like the class? Nate: Although in these exercises like is used as a translation of gustar, it must be said that the actual meaning is to please, so for example Me gusta Ia camisa azul must be understood as The blue shirt pleases me.

Me gustan If what is liked is plural, then the forms are as follows: me gustan te gustan Ie gustan nos gustan les gustan les gustan Examples: I like Sundays. Me gustan los domingos. My parents don't like holidays A mis padres no les gustan abroad. You like strawberries! We like documentaries. Nos gustan los documentales. No me gustan las comidas I don't like spicy food. Frutillas is used in Mexico.

Elsewhere fresas is used for strawberries 74 75 ExerciseS a:1 Complete the phrases stating whether you like or dislike the following: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 los animales domesticos. How much discount are you given? What kind of keyboard does the computer have? Can you pay with a credit card?

Are these discontinued models? Which ones do you like? Which ones don't you like? Disco duro de 2 Gigabytes Memoria de 5iz MB Windows instalado Multimedia Teclado en castellano Monitor de alta resoluci6n y baja radiaci6n Procesador muy veloz Ranuras de expansion Los precios se pueden pagar en moneda nacional o su equivalents en d61ares. Precios validos unicamente en efectivo o con tarjeta de debito. El Banco Porvenlr te brlnda seguridad para comprar c6modamente los productos que deseas.

Puedes hacer compras segun Ia cantidad de dinero que lengas depositada. Puedes aumentar tu saldo en Ia cuenta en cualquier memento. Puedes consunar tu saldo en Ia paglna web del banco, ulllizando tu contrasena. Puedes retlrar tu dinero en las ventanillas de una sucursal o en el cajero automatico.

What are you doing? Es necesario una tarjeta de credito para comprar en Internet. No hay un dep6sito minirno. What are the main destinations of the national airline? In this case you do not use the article el or Ia. Tengo dolor de cabeza. Tengo dolor de muela. Reading m While reading the passage below, see if you can find answers to these questions: El transporte aereo en Uruguay El aeropuerto intemacional de Carrasco se encuentra ubicado a 17 km de Montevideo.

En este aeropuerto operan las lineas aereas internacionales y hay un servicio diario de puente aereo con Argentina. Un taxi del aeropuerto al centro de Montevideo cuesta aproximadamente veinte d6lares.

Reading Si, claro. Necesitamos transporte rapido. Hace aiios habia tranvias. Eran una gran cosa. I would go, etc. While reading the dialogue below, see if you can find answers to these questions: Do all the people interviewed agree?

Are there any advantages in having a tram service? Seria una perdida de dinero publico y destruiria el ambiente de Ia calle principal que data de tiempos coloniales. Primero, porque seria mas rapido que los 6mnibus y segundo porque es mas limpio.

Menos contaminante. Pero supongo que costaria mas, ;,no? Internet Internet es una red mundial de computadoras para intercambiar informaci6n. Cuando una persona se conecta a la red, puede entrar en contacto con cualquier otra computadora conectada a la red en cualquier parte del planeta. A traves de Internet es posible enviar correo electr6nico, hacer compras, consultar informaci6n, leer peri6dicos, escuchar estaciones de radio, organizar viajes, preparar trabajos academicos, realizar operaciones bancarias, entrar en grupos de chat y otras actividades mas.

The same endings are used with the three conjugations. Where would you like to live? Would you go to the cinema with Julian? Irregular verbs in the conditional tense Some verbs are irregular. Although the endings present no irregularities in the conditional, the stem of the verb shows variations. Here are the main irregular verbs: noveno decimo fourth fifth cuarto quinto Primero to decimo are used in everyday speech.

When preceding nouns there must be agreement in gender and number. After decimo, there is a tendency to use the cardinal numbers once 'eleven', doce 'twelve', etc. It is the first time she has done Es Ia primera vez que lo that. El cuarto concursante de hoy. The fourth contestant today. Los europeos Uegaron en el The Europeans arrived in the sixteenth century.

Note that primero and tercero become primer and tercer when they precede a noun. Gane el tercer premio. She lives in an apartment on the first floor. I won the third prize. Choose from the list below. Write the sentences down in your notebook. Programas de television informativos noticiarios culturales telenovelas pelfculas concursos policiales documentales c6micos infantiles musicales femeninos deportivos reportajes talk shows No veo televisi6n Exercise2 Ordinal numbers primero segundo tercero ninth tenth sexto septimo octavo sixth seventh eighth Match the situations in the column on the left with the possible course of action you would take from the list on the right.

Sancoche y luego pele las papas. Machuque las papas y forme una masa con la papa machucada, la cebolla y el jugo de lim6n.

Afiada aceite si es necesario. Coloque la masa en un molde y decore con mitades de huevo duro, aceitunas y queso. Language point Examples: Prepara Ia camioneta. Vamos a salir. Come toda tu comida. Sube al carro. Have the van ready. We are going out. Eat your meal up. Get in the car. There are some irregular verbs. The most frequently used irregular verbs in the imperative for the second person informal tu are: decir estar hacer ir oir salir ser tener venir di esta haz ve oye sal se ten ven The imperative for the second person singular formal usted is the same as the present subjunctive for usted, el or ella.

Coma antes de ir al examen Eat before going to the medical examination. Go up to the fourth floor. Suba al cuarto piso. The imperative for the second person plural ustedes is the same as the present subjunctive for ustedes, ellos or elias. The imperative The imperative form is used to give commands, orders or instructions.

Prepare un informe para manana. Take these tablets. The imperative for the second person singular informal tti is the same as the form for the third person singular in the present indicative, in the case of regular verbs. Coman despacio. Suban por Ia escalera, no por el ascensor. Have everything ready straight away. Eat slowly. Go up the stairs, not the lift.

The negative imperative in the informal singular uses the present subjunctive. Change these commands to the negative. Affirmative pre para come sube Negative no prepares no comas no subas Examples: No prepares nada. No comas antes de acostarte. No subas al despacbo basta las diez. Don't prepare anything. Don't eat before going to bed.

Don't go to the office until ten. The negative imperative in the formal singular also uses the subjunctive. Affirmative prepare coma suba Negative no prepare no coma no suba 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 V engan a Ia fiesta. Llama a to novia. Compra cigarrillos.

Abra Ia ventana. Copien el documento en diskette. Pide diez cuadernos. Ven con to novio. Tome fotos. Prepare el plato que le recomende. Instala Ia antena. Exercise 4 Change the following sentences to the imperative form. Ustedes deben venir manana. Vengan manana. Don't prepare a long presentation. Don't eat sweet things. Don't go up in the elevator.

The negative imperative in the plural is the same as the affirmative, but preceded by no. No coman muy tarde. No suban al tren cuando este en movimiento. Compren revistas. No compren revistas. Examples: Examples: No prepare una presentacion larga. No coma dulces.

No suba por el ascensor. Example: Do not prepare the accounts until tomorrow. Do not eat too late. Do not board the train while it is moving. Tienes que decir emil es el problema. Di emil es el problema. Usted debe ser mas eficiente. Tienes que tomar esto. Ustedes deben revisar este contrato. Debes regresar pronto. Tienes que comer mas proteinas. Usted debe enviar el paquete por via aerea.

Tiene que ir el proximo domingo. Tienes que hacer lo que dice esta senorita. Ustedes deben vender Ia maquina. Which racial group is in the majority in Colombia? Su situaci6n geogratica es muy estrategica. Ademas esta cerca del Canal de Panama. Como el resto de America Latina, su poblaci6n crece aceleradamente. La mitad de Ia poblaci6n es mestiza, alrededor del 20 ciento es blanca, otro 20 por ciento esta formado por mulatos y zambos y el resto por gente de raza negra e india.

If I had a car Dialogue 1 m Si yo tuviera un ingreso extra After reading the dialogue below, see if you can find answers to these questions: Would both people do the same things with the extra money? What would you do? ALAN: i,Que comprarias? GENARo: Compraria una nueva aspiradora, porque Ia que tenemos ya es muy antigua, y tambien un escritorio para los chicos.

ALAN: i,Pagarias a credito? Hay buenas ofertas para pagar en 24 meses sin intereses. Compared to the present subjunctive, the action is less likely to take place. The imperfect subjunctive is used for sentences expressing hopes or wishes which are unlikely to happen. Another use, in hypothetical conditional sentences, is explained later in this chapter.

I hope he rings. And he probably Ojala llamase. I wish he would ring. But he probably won't. Dialogue 2m Si quieres Bueno, ya que insistes. Quizas vaya en el auto o quizas vaya a pie. Como vives tan cerca. Si vienes en el auto llegas rapido y podemos ir a la primera funci6n.

Si quieres, luego podemos ir a tamar alga. Me parece bien. Voy en el auto. Language points Open conditional sentences In an open conditional sentence e. If I go Si mandas el formulario, recibes on cupon a vuelta de correo.

Mi papa dijo que es posible que la compremos a plazas. JosE Lms: Pero mi mama dudaba que mi papa pudiera pagar las cuotas mensuales ya que esta pagando tambien el carra.

MARcELo: Si tuvieramos la oportunidad de trabajar este verano durante las vacaciones, podriamos ayudar a pagar cada mes. JosE Lms: Vamos a hablar con Antonio. Language point If you come early, we can go to the cinema. If you send the form, you get a voucher by return of post. Since you live nearby I'll walk.

Como no tienes los boletos, Since you don't have the tickets, no podemos entrar. Como pasaste los examenes, Since you passed your exams, te compramos una bici. If I had the money I would buy it. When you use this type of conditional sentence the conclusion is hypothetical, since the condition expressed by the imperfect subjunctive is contrary to fact or unlikely to be fulfilled.

The imperfect subjunctive is discussed earlier in this chapter and the conditional tense appears in Chapter Si fueran puntuales, no causarian problemas. Si Ia tienda estuviera en el If I had a dictionary, I would look the word up. If they turned up on time, they would not cause problems.

If the shop was in the town center, centro, iria ahorita. Si vendiesemos mas, podriamos ampliar Ia gama. I would go right now. Compare the following examples of two types of conditional sentences: Si tengo tiempo, te escribo.

I think it is likely that I will have the time. Si tuviera tiempo, te If I had time, I would write to you. But I don't have the time. Si eres socio te dejan entrar. If you are a member, they let you in. There is a possibility that you will become one.

Si fueras socio, te dejarian If you were a member, they would entrar. But you are not and probably will never become one. Exercise 2 Write an English equivalent for the following sentences. If you had extra income as from this month, what would you use it for? Answer the survey question above, putting yourself in the position of a , b and c below: a If you were unemployed. Si Marcelo fuese mejor organizado, tendria optimos resultados.

Como vienes en auto llegaras antes que Alberto. Si escribes un cheque deletrea bien el nombre. Si me dieran Ia oportunidad, trabajaria en Uruguay. Visitaria Ia capital si tuviera mas tiempo, pero solo estare dos dias por aqui. Lo traeria en diskette, si fuera compatible.

Si las cifras indicasen lo contrario, tendriamos que hacer una investigation. Si Ia novela fuera mas corta, tendria mas exito. Si sabes Ia respuesta, ;,por que no Ia dices? Exercise 3 Write a Spanish equivalent for the following sentences: 1 2 3 4 5 If there is a problem, I will send you a fax. I do not think Helen will go to work tomorrow. Would you go back if you had the chance to do so? Since you only have one, take these other two. If he rings, we will give him the details.

If I had extra income I would use it for En ese caso, Estela repetiria el mismo error. Norma esperaria basta que lleguen los pedidos. Es dificil corregirla. Serfa una decisi6n apresurada.

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